Buffer Overflow Intro. ©2002, Jedidiah R. Crandall, Susan L. Gerhart, Jan G. Hogle.  http://sfsecurity.pr.erau.edu
Programs end up as numbers
in mailboxes, also!
Programs are stored the same way, as a buffer of numbers.  A program that reads someone’s last name and repeats it to them is compiled into a series of instructions that Norman understands. 

Each instruction has a unique number.  For example,

23 = “Copy the number from the next mailbox and hold that piece of paper in your left hand.” 

188 = “Put the piece of paper in your left hand into the mailbox with the box number written on the piece of paper in your right hand.” 
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